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舊民主主義時期中國人民爭失敗的原因。

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正確答案:

(1)自1840年1919年,中反對外來侵略進行了英勇斗爭,但都失敗了,究其原因:一是社會制度的腐敗;二是經濟技術的落后,而前者是最根本的原因。

(2)社會制度的腐敗。腐朽的清王朝統治者為了自身的私利,不惜出賣國家和民族的利益,總是把防止人民的反抗放在首位,擔心人民群眾動員起來以后危及自身的統治,宣揚"防民甚于防寇",壓制、破壞人民群眾和愛國官兵的反侵略斗爭,導致反侵略失敗。

(3)經濟技術的落后是近代中國人民反侵略戰爭失敗的另一個重要原因。進入近代以后,西方資本主義強國經過工業革命,經濟和技術飛速發展,而中國經濟技術落后的局面沒有改變,經濟總量較小,工業技術落后,洋務運動和民族資本主義經濟的發展沒有改變這種局面,必然導致被動挨打。經濟技術的落后,又使中國在武器裝備、軍隊素質、綜合實力等方;|遠遠落后于帝國主義列強。

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